{"id":982,"date":"2026-03-23T07:48:28","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T07:48:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/?p=982"},"modified":"2026-04-10T03:16:09","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T03:16:09","slug":"phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/","title":{"rendered":"PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 data-section-id=\"18vzn4h\" data-start=\"119\" data-end=\"204\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PHUONG_PHAP_THIET_KE_HE_THONG_TAO_AP_CAU_THANG\"><\/span>PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"18vzn4h\" data-start=\"119\" data-end=\"204\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TAI_BANG_TINH_MAU_BEN_DUOI\"><\/span>(T\u1ea2I B\u1ea2NG T\u00cdNH M\u1eaaU B\u00caN D\u01af\u1edaI)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1v2lads\" data-start=\"206\" data-end=\"261\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Gioi_thieu_tong_quan_ve_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\"><\/span>1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"263\" data-end=\"696\">Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao t\u1ea7ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chung c\u01b0, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, trung t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y (PCCC) ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1eaft khe, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ch\u00e1y n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"698\" data-end=\"1028\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 duy tr\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00ean trong bu\u1ed3ng thang so v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi di chuy\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u01a1 t\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#PHUONG_PHAP_THIET_KE_HE_THONG_TAO_AP_CAU_THANG\" >PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#TAI_BANG_TINH_MAU_BEN_DUOI\" >(T\u1ea2I B\u1ea2NG T\u00cdNH M\u1eaaU B\u00caN D\u01af\u1edaI)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#1_Gioi_thieu_tong_quan_ve_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\" >1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#2_Nguyen_ly_hoat_dong_cua_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\" >2. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#3_Tieu_chuan_thiet_ke_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\" >3. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#4_Cac_thong_so_dau_vao_trong_tinh_toan_thiet_ke\" >4. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#5_Phuong_phap_tinh_toan_luu_luong_gio_khi_cua_dong_Q1\" >5. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 khi c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng (Q1)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#6_Phuong_phap_tinh_toan_luu_luong_gio_khi_cua_mo_Q2\" >6. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 khi c\u1eeda m\u1edf (Q2)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#7_Tong_hop_luu_luong_gio_tao_ap\" >7. T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u00e1p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#8_Lua_chon_quat_tao_ap_cau_thang\" >8. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#9_Phuong_phap_thiet_ke_tao_ap_cau_thang\" >9. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#10_Bo_tri_mieng_gio_va_phuong_an_cap_gio\" >10. B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed mi\u1ec7ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u1ea5p gi\u00f3<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#Cap_gio_truc_tiep_vao_buong_thang\" >C\u1ea5p gi\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng thang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#Cap_gio_qua_buong_dem\" >C\u1ea5p gi\u00f3 qua bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#11_He_thong_dieu_khien_va_kiem_soat_ap_suat\" >11. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#12_Cac_loi_thuong_gap_trong_thiet_ke_va_thi_cong\" >12. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#13_Kinh_nghiem_thiet_ke_toi_uu_he_thong_tao_ap\" >13. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#14_Quy_trinh_thiet_ke_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\" >14. Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#15_Ket_luan\" >15. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/phuong-phap-thiet-ke-he-thong-tao-ap-cau-thang\/#16_Lien_He\" >16. Li\u00ean H\u1ec7:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p data-start=\"1030\" data-end=\"1316\">Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p gi\u00f3, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_985\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-985\" style=\"width: 1074px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a title=\"Main MEP contractor Trieu Minh\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/tong-thau-co-dien-mep-design-build\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-985\" title=\"PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG\" src=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/SDNL-tao-ap.png\" alt=\"PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG\" width=\"1074\" height=\"716\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/SDNL-tao-ap.png 1536w, https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/SDNL-tao-ap-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1074px) 100vw, 1074px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-985\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<hr data-start=\"1318\" data-end=\"1321\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"pgg62i\" data-start=\"1323\" data-end=\"1378\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Nguyen_ly_hoat_dong_cua_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\"><\/span>2. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1380\" data-end=\"1600\">Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng gian bu\u1ed3ng thang v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e1y, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p gi\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng thang b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o \u00e1p chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1602\" data-end=\"1881\">Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong c\u1ea7u thang s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n cao h\u01a1n \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 40 \u0111\u1ebfn 60 Pa), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb trong ra ngo\u00e0i khi c\u1eeda m\u1edf, gi\u00fap ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho kh\u00f3i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong bu\u1ed3ng thang, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng an to\u00e0n cho vi\u1ec7c tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1883\" data-end=\"2145\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i quan tr\u1ecdng, bao g\u1ed3m tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, b\u1edfi m\u1ed7i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2147\" data-end=\"2150\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"112c624\" data-start=\"2152\" data-end=\"2203\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Tieu_chuan_thiet_ke_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\"><\/span>3. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2205\" data-end=\"2344\">\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt uy t\u00edn, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2346\" data-end=\"2411\">\n<li data-section-id=\"vq005w\" data-start=\"2346\" data-end=\"2366\">BS 5588-2004 (Anh)<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"xspkmn\" data-start=\"2367\" data-end=\"2381\">NFPA 92 (M\u1ef9)<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jg4w0y\" data-start=\"2382\" data-end=\"2411\">QCVN 06:2022\/BXD (Vi\u1ec7t Nam)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2413\" data-end=\"2492\">Theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"2494\" data-end=\"2699\">\n<li data-section-id=\"14sbjlg\" data-start=\"2494\" data-end=\"2551\">Khi c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng: \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 40 \u2013 60 Pa<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"m4dzwm\" data-start=\"2552\" data-end=\"2621\">Khi c\u1eeda m\u1edf: v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 qua c\u1eeda ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb 1.0 \u2013 2.0 m\/s<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"121wydo\" data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2699\">S\u1ed1 c\u1eeda m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb 2 \u2013 4 c\u1eeda t\u00f9y theo quy m\u00f4 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2701\" data-end=\"2866\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 cao g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi m\u1edf c\u1eeda ho\u1eb7c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f3i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"2868\" data-end=\"2871\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"r78vgm\" data-start=\"2873\" data-end=\"2924\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Cac_thong_so_dau_vao_trong_tinh_toan_thiet_ke\"><\/span>4. C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o trong t\u00ednh to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2926\" data-end=\"2999\">D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3001\" data-end=\"3219\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1xoc666\" data-start=\"3001\" data-end=\"3035\">K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1eeda \u0111i: 900 x 2100 mm<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"9x1skw\" data-start=\"3036\" data-end=\"3072\">T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng: 56 c\u1eeda<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"dqqfjp\" data-start=\"3073\" data-end=\"3101\">S\u1ed1 c\u1eeda m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi: 4 c\u1eeda<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lskm29\" data-start=\"3102\" data-end=\"3144\">H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 qua khe c\u1eeda: 0.010<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5p79jh\" data-start=\"3145\" data-end=\"3181\">\u00c1p su\u1ea5t ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf: 50 Pa<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1qjgvyt\" data-start=\"3182\" data-end=\"3219\">V\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 qua c\u1eeda khi m\u1edf: 1.5 m\/s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3221\" data-end=\"3324\">C\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"3326\" data-end=\"3329\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"u2rcoh\" data-start=\"3331\" data-end=\"3390\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Phuong_phap_tinh_toan_luu_luong_gio_khi_cua_dong_Q1\"><\/span>5. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 khi c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng (Q1)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3392\" data-end=\"3593\">Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng, l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t qua c\u00e1c khe h\u1edf nh\u1ecf xung quanh c\u1eeda, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3595\" data-end=\"3636\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3638\" data-end=\"3669\">Q1 = (m \u2212 n) \u00d7 0.827 \u00d7 A\u2091 \u00d7 \u221a\u0394P<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3671\" data-end=\"3680\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3682\" data-end=\"3825\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1us5fo1\" data-start=\"3682\" data-end=\"3721\">Q1 l\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 qua khe c\u1eeda<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14oacr0\" data-start=\"3722\" data-end=\"3740\">m l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"iq4a5y\" data-start=\"3741\" data-end=\"3767\">n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"18s2q4e\" data-start=\"3768\" data-end=\"3798\">A\u2091 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch khe h\u1edf<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1dq1jwh\" data-start=\"3799\" data-end=\"3825\">\u0394P l\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3827\" data-end=\"3849\">\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"3851\" data-end=\"3912\">\n<li data-section-id=\"16f3asb\" data-start=\"3851\" data-end=\"3859\">m = 56<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1y12lgh\" data-start=\"3860\" data-end=\"3886\">n = 4 \u2192 s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng = 52<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1sq1nfu\" data-start=\"3887\" data-end=\"3899\">A\u2091 = 0.010<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"qk5kxx\" data-start=\"3900\" data-end=\"3912\">\u0394P = 50 Pa<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3914\" data-end=\"3932\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3934\" data-end=\"3951\">\u2192 Q1 = 3.041 m\u00b3\/s<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3953\" data-end=\"4062\">Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"4064\" data-end=\"4067\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"j12i88\" data-start=\"4069\" data-end=\"4126\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Phuong_phap_tinh_toan_luu_luong_gio_khi_cua_mo_Q2\"><\/span>6. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 khi c\u1eeda m\u1edf (Q2)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4128\" data-end=\"4299\">Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1eeda m\u1edf, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n kh\u00f3i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p s\u1ebd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi khi c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4301\" data-end=\"4316\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4318\" data-end=\"4332\">Q2 = n \u00d7 v \u00d7 F<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4334\" data-end=\"4343\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4345\" data-end=\"4409\">\n<li data-section-id=\"7nxt9x\" data-start=\"4345\" data-end=\"4361\">n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda m\u1edf<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"mvv0az\" data-start=\"4362\" data-end=\"4388\">v l\u00e0 v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1wvx523\" data-start=\"4389\" data-end=\"4409\">F l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1eeda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4411\" data-end=\"4430\">T\u00ednh di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1eeda:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4432\" data-end=\"4455\">F = 0.9 \u00d7 2.1 = 1.89 m\u00b2<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4457\" data-end=\"4465\">\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"4467\" data-end=\"4488\">\n<li data-section-id=\"168mlsf\" data-start=\"4467\" data-end=\"4474\">n = 4<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"4so33s\" data-start=\"4475\" data-end=\"4488\">v = 1.5 m\/s<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"4490\" data-end=\"4498\">K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4500\" data-end=\"4518\">\u2192 Q2 = 11.640 m\u00b3\/s<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4520\" data-end=\"4587\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi ph\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4520\" data-end=\"4587\"><a title=\"Main MEP contractor Trieu Minh\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/tong-thau-co-dien-mep-design-build\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-984\" src=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/file-tinh-tao-ap-ct.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"913\" height=\"641\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/file-tinh-tao-ap-ct.png 913w, https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/file-tinh-tao-ap-ct-768x539.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 913px) 100vw, 913px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"4589\" data-end=\"4592\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1fhgyna\" data-start=\"4594\" data-end=\"4629\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Tong_hop_luu_luong_gio_tao_ap\"><\/span>7. T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u00e1p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"4631\" data-end=\"4696\">T\u1ed5ng l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4698\" data-end=\"4709\">Q = Q1 + Q2<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4711\" data-end=\"4745\">\u2192 Q = 3.041 + 11.640 = 14.681 m\u00b3\/s<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4747\" data-end=\"4906\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf lu\u00f4n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 \u1ed1ng gi\u00f3, sai s\u1ed1 thi c\u00f4ng, hao h\u1ee5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 5% \u0111\u1ebfn 10%.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4908\" data-end=\"4925\">\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 5%:<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4927\" data-end=\"4966\">Q thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf = 14.681 \u00d7 1.05 = 15.41 m\u00b3\/s<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4968\" data-end=\"5017\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"5019\" data-end=\"5022\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1pjtdco\" data-start=\"5024\" data-end=\"5060\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Lua_chon_quat_tao_ap_cau_thang\"><\/span>8. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5062\" data-end=\"5252\">Sau khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea1t t\u1ea1o \u00e1p ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5254\" data-end=\"5289\">C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea1t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5291\" data-end=\"5439\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1ol9gf3\" data-start=\"5291\" data-end=\"5315\">L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2265 15.41 m\u00b3\/s<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"511peu\" data-start=\"5316\" data-end=\"5358\">\u00c1p su\u1ea5t t\u0129nh \u2265 50 Pa + t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1xnn450\" data-start=\"5359\" data-end=\"5411\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao (th\u01b0\u1eddng 250\u00b0C trong 2 gi\u1edd)<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"htiljl\" data-start=\"5412\" data-end=\"5439\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed3n th\u1ea5p<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5441\" data-end=\"5603\">Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u1ea1t ly t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p cao v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong khi qu\u1ea1t h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ee5c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"5605\" data-end=\"5608\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1i1x0f1\" data-start=\"5610\" data-end=\"5648\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_Phuong_phap_thiet_ke_tao_ap_cau_thang\"><\/span>9. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"5650\" data-end=\"5825\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ed1ng gi\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn bu\u1ed3ng thang, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5827\" data-end=\"5854\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5856\" data-end=\"6000\">\n<li data-section-id=\"i0dstc\" data-start=\"5856\" data-end=\"5896\">T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00f3 trong \u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh: 8 \u2013 12 m\/s<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1ow8slm\" data-start=\"5897\" data-end=\"5932\">T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 trong \u1ed1ng nh\u00e1nh: 5 \u2013 8 m\/s<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"u4wj6w\" data-start=\"5933\" data-end=\"5970\">H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n co, c\u00fat g\u1ea5p<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"i9n26e\" data-start=\"5971\" data-end=\"6000\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1y<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6002\" data-end=\"6109\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"6111\" data-end=\"6114\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"vqax3r\" data-start=\"6116\" data-end=\"6160\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_Bo_tri_mieng_gio_va_phuong_an_cap_gio\"><\/span>10. B\u1ed1 tr\u00ed mi\u1ec7ng gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u1ea5p gi\u00f3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6162\" data-end=\"6196\">C\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u1ea5p gi\u00f3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"e0t3rf\" data-start=\"6198\" data-end=\"6235\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_gio_truc_tiep_vao_buong_thang\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p gi\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng thang<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6237\" data-end=\"6304\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1m1bkfm\" data-start=\"6237\" data-end=\"6260\">\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, d\u1ec5 thi c\u00f4ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ijbc7q\" data-start=\"6261\" data-end=\"6275\">Chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1lvbib1\" data-start=\"6276\" data-end=\"6304\">Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"6ygbtq\" data-start=\"6306\" data-end=\"6331\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap_gio_qua_buong_dem\"><\/span>C\u1ea5p gi\u00f3 qua bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul data-start=\"6333\" data-end=\"6416\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1fgnl9n\" data-start=\"6333\" data-end=\"6361\">Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u0103n kh\u00f3i cao h\u01a1n<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1r1v9sg\" data-start=\"6362\" data-end=\"6386\">Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c khi m\u1edf c\u1eeda<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14ho9pz\" data-start=\"6387\" data-end=\"6416\">Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao t\u1ea7ng<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6418\" data-end=\"6498\">Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"6500\" data-end=\"6503\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1r4q9ry\" data-start=\"6505\" data-end=\"6552\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_He_thong_dieu_khien_va_kiem_soat_ap_suat\"><\/span>11. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6554\" data-end=\"6679\">M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 cao g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi m\u1edf c\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"6681\" data-end=\"6707\">C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"6709\" data-end=\"6781\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1bkx8gv\" data-start=\"6709\" data-end=\"6728\">Van x\u1ea3 \u00e1p t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1kzwkt4\" data-start=\"6729\" data-end=\"6762\">Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u1ea1t<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1e8n795\" data-start=\"6763\" data-end=\"6781\">C\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6783\" data-end=\"6868\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o duy tr\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"6870\" data-end=\"6873\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1e6ll9w\" data-start=\"6875\" data-end=\"6927\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_Cac_loi_thuong_gap_trong_thiet_ke_va_thi_cong\"><\/span>12. C\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"6929\" data-end=\"7006\">Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 do c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7008\" data-end=\"7172\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1i5wz9g\" data-start=\"7008\" data-end=\"7043\">T\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai s\u1ed1 c\u1eeda m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1weyq8f\" data-start=\"7044\" data-end=\"7071\">B\u1ecf qua t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"3gwla1\" data-start=\"7072\" data-end=\"7108\">Kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 qua c\u1eeda<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1jdk9e\" data-start=\"7109\" data-end=\"7146\">L\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t \u1ed1ng gi\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"15fctqf\" data-start=\"7147\" data-end=\"7172\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1ea3 \u00e1p<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"7174\" data-end=\"7279\">Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"7174\" data-end=\"7279\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-861\" src=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ong-gio-chong-chay.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ong-gio-chong-chay.jpg 800w, https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/ong-gio-chong-chay-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<hr data-start=\"7281\" data-end=\"7284\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1n6alws\" data-start=\"7286\" data-end=\"7336\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13_Kinh_nghiem_thiet_ke_toi_uu_he_thong_tao_ap\"><\/span>13. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"7338\" data-end=\"7389\">\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"7391\" data-end=\"7559\">\n<li data-section-id=\"1mtvlao\" data-start=\"7391\" data-end=\"7444\">Lu\u00f4n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t (c\u1eeda m\u1edf)<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1rr9huy\" data-start=\"7445\" data-end=\"7482\">D\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t qu\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 10 \u2013 15%<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1v0q85z\" data-start=\"7483\" data-end=\"7524\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng CFD cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"ux0nnu\" data-start=\"7525\" data-end=\"7559\">Ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf sau khi l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr data-start=\"7561\" data-end=\"7564\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1fhpfqo\" data-start=\"7566\" data-end=\"7617\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14_Quy_trinh_thiet_ke_he_thong_tao_ap_cau_thang\"><\/span>14. Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"7619\" data-end=\"7651\">Quy tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n<ol data-start=\"7653\" data-end=\"7867\">\n<li data-section-id=\"8euk0s\" data-start=\"7653\" data-end=\"7685\">Thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"hd85wd\" data-start=\"7686\" data-end=\"7718\">X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"13uvqty\" data-start=\"7719\" data-end=\"7747\">T\u00ednh to\u00e1n Q1 (c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3ng)<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1klncvf\" data-start=\"7748\" data-end=\"7774\">T\u00ednh to\u00e1n Q2 (c\u1eeda m\u1edf)<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"5mnkmq\" data-start=\"7775\" data-end=\"7798\">T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"12acss8\" data-start=\"7799\" data-end=\"7817\">L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn qu\u1ea1t<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"1hxa643\" data-start=\"7818\" data-end=\"7839\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u1ed1ng gi\u00f3<\/li>\n<li data-section-id=\"14p4wmx\" data-start=\"7840\" data-end=\"7867\">Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ec9nh<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr data-start=\"7869\" data-end=\"7872\" \/>\n<h2 data-section-id=\"1gy77jp\" data-start=\"7874\" data-end=\"7889\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15_Ket_luan\"><\/span>15. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"7891\" data-end=\"8100\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n ph\u00f2ng ch\u00e1y ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f3i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8102\" data-end=\"8355\">Th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n chi ti\u1ebft d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eeda, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1eeda, v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch \u00e1p su\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8357\" data-end=\"8527\">Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00fang ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"8357\" data-end=\"8527\"><a class=\"button white\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Bang-tinh-mau-tao-ap-cau-thang.xls\">B\u1ea2NG T\u00cdNH M\u1eaaU T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG<\/a><\/p>\n<h1 data-section-id=\"1ioo5z0\" data-start=\"7258\" data-end=\"7268\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16_Lien_He\"><\/span>16. Li\u00ean H\u1ec7:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p th\u00ec vui l\u00f2ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i trong th\u1eddi gian s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TRIEU MINH ENGINEERING COMPANY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1ecaA CH\u1ec8: 109 NGUY\u1ec4N TH\u1eca NHUNG. P. HI\u1ec6P B\u00ccNH, TP. H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>MAIL: TRIEUMINH@TRIEUMINH.COM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0110I\u1ec6N THO\u1ea0I (ZALO): 0976.422.223<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>More<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"primary\" title=\"T\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ty Tri\u1ec1u Minh l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/nha-thau-co-dien-tot\/\">T\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng ty Tri\u1ec1u Minh l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7u c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Main MEP contractor Trieu Minh\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/tong-thau-co-dien-mep-design-build\/\">Main MEP contractor Trieu Minh<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"primary\" href=\"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/dich-vu-thiet-ke-he-thong-co-dien-mep\/\">Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"primary\" title=\"Fanpage Tri\u1ec1u Minh\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=61586129903680\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fanpage Tri\u1ec1u Minh<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P THI\u1ebeT K\u1ebe H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG T\u1ea0O \u00c1P C\u1ea6U THANG (T\u1ea2I B\u1ea2NG T\u00cdNH M\u1eaaU B\u00caN D\u01af\u1edaI) 1. Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u00e1p c\u1ea7u thang Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh cao t\u1ea7ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chung c\u01b0, t\u00f2a nh\u00e0<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":984,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,2],"tags":[157,160,161,159,162,158,55],"class_list":["post-982","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-tai-lieu","tag-tao-ap-cau-thang","tag-tao-ap-thang-bo","tag-tao-ap-thang-may","tag-thi-cong-ong-gio-pccc","tag-thiet-ke-hvac","tag-thiet-ke-tao-ap-cau-thang","tag-thiet-ke-thong-gio"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=982"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1461,"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/982\/revisions\/1461"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=982"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=982"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/trieuminh.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=982"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}